Liparis loeselii (L.) LCM Richard Conservation status: EN First record: Ray, 1660....... Last record: CE Raven, 1947 Martyn,1727,102. SUMMARY OF RECORDS 1660--1806 Hinton Moor [Enclosure:1806]Drained 1660--1820 Teversham Moor Drained 1787--1820? Fulbourn Moor Drained (1787?) 1799--1820? Sawston Moor Drained 1835 Bottisham fen Drained 1835--1842 Burwell/Reche Fen Drained 1883--1912(?1928) Chippenham Fen ?scrub 1862--1945(?1947) Wicken Fen scrub 1883--1896 Fordham Fen Drained The use of the name 'Burwell' fen for Chippenham Fen for a few times in the 1880's, seems to arise from Fryer's use of 'Burwell District 5' as an euphonism for his discovery on Chippenham Fen Bennett may not have been very accurate or, like Babington, he suffered from a lot of mis-prints. It is clear from Jenyns' account that Bottisham Fen was a new station. There may be additional records in: J.Bot. 1918, 111 Watson BEC Rep. 1916-1917. MS Note of localities in Herb[arium]. Copy of English Botany, 3rd Edition, CGE. Ridley, 1887, Monograph of Liparis. J.Linn.Soc. XXII:297. (Bennett, (1906)TNNNS 8:340-342. 44 Ophrys loeselii Sawston moor. Relhan,litt.1799; LINN. Loesel's, or Dwarf Ophrys. Sawston Moor, (in list of additions to his 3 supplements). Relhan in litt. to Smith, 5.9.1800, LINN. Ophrys lilifolia Sawston Moor. Relhan,1802. Loesel's, or Dwarf Ophrys.... and Sawston Moors. Relhan,1820. Sawston Moor, Relhan, 1820. Bennett,1902. 45 Orchis lillifolius minor sabuletorum Zelandiae & Bataviae Dwarf Orchies of Zealand. In the watery places of Hinton and Teversham moors but more rarely. Ray,1660,105-106(88). Orchis sive Chamaeorchis latifolia Zelandiae P.1354. In the watery places of Hinton and ...moors, but rarely. Merrett,1667,86. Orchis lilifolius minor sabuletorum Zelandiae & Bataviae Dwarf-Orchis of Zealand. On the watery places of Hinton ... Moor. Ray,1670:225. Neighbourhood of Cambridge, n.c., 1678 [?1778], BM. [not found]. 'In an Herbarium sold by Lake the Bookseller in Uxbridge, the date of the Collection being in the year 1678 [sic]. From many of the specimens it seem'd evidently to be have [sic] made in the Neighbourhood of Cambridge.' Spec. with label in Lightfoot's hand. BM. 'This must be one of the earliest specimens collected in England.' [James Britten's paper in J.Bot. 1917, 246-250 on Liparis also clears up the confusion of mis-naming of plants by some authors as O. lilifolia.] 'Near Cambridge, Lightfoot, in herb., sold by Lake of Uxbridge.' Bennett,1902. Pseudo-Orchis bifolia palustris. Orchis Lilifolius minor sabulatorum Zelandiae & Bataviae. Dwarf Orchis of Zealand and Holland. In palustribus aquosis, as on Hinton and ... Ray,1690,173; Ray,1696,240; Ray,1724,382. Orchis lillifolius minor sabuletorum Zelandiae. Cherry Hinton, On the moor and in the water there. Ray,Index Loc.JM.ann. Cherry-Hinton. In and about the Moor. Martyn,1763,Herbat.VIII. Ophry lilifolia Cher: Hint. Moor Fisher ann. Berkenhout,251. Ophrys loeselii 'This was lost for many Years on Hinton ...Moors, but found again by Mr Relhan June 30 1787.' Lightfoot, ann.Ray Syn.382, OXF. Hinton Fen, Mr Woodward, [c.1780], IPS. Ophrys lilifolia Lily-leaved Ophrys. Moors. Hinton. Relhan,1785. '...a small paquet.containing a few specimens...in the early part of it [summer] however I paid a visit to the fens of Cambridgeshire and found some plants hitherto unknown in our County, these in addition to some others, will almost make a Supplement alterum.... Ophrys Loeselii... I am not perfectly satisfied about the Ophrys Loeselii I have specimens with leaves exactly corresponding with Loesel's figure, and others larger than the Flor. Dan. Plate.877. I am going to London, and then I shall probably be enabled to make up my mind, the scapus varies from 3–6–8 inches, the flowers are 5–11. green without the smallest tendency to a red colour. I am afraid there is no such English Plant as the lilifolia.' King's Coll. [Cambridge] 2.12.1787; P.S. 'London Dec. ye 14th. I am convinced that our Plant is the true Loeselii and one singular circumstance attends it, the two great leaves are different in their structure, the lower one has prominent nerves, the upper one none at all.' Relhan, in litt. to R. Pulteney, LINN. Loesel's Ophrys. Hinton,... Relhan,1788 . On Hinton [Teversham Fulbourne] Moors near Cambridge, Relhan, n.d., BM. (only 1 spec.–label in ? Lightfoot's hand.) – [Mr Pitchford many years ago found, in a meadow at St. Faith's, near Norwich, one single specimen, which he afterwards presented to the Rev. Mr. Lightfoot. Sowerby (1790) 1:47.] Ophrys Loeselii Ray has mentioned this plant as the production of some moors in the neighbourhood of Cambridge: but those moors were long searched for it in vain by succeeding botanists, till the Rev. Mr. Relhan discovered it a few years ago, growing, not very sparingly, where Ray has reported it. This gentleman attributes it remaining so long latent, to its usual situation close to the stems of rushes. To him we are obliged for the plant we have figured. Sowerby (1790) 1:47. Hinton Moor, Rev. C Davy, 1790, IPS. Ophrys loeselii For the above specimen of this rare & beautiful Ophrys I am indebted to the Revd. R. Relhan of Cambridge who gathered it in a boggy place near Cambridge but he informs me the habitat is now destroyed.n.d., [Skrimshire] Hort.Sicc.7:20,WBCH. There is a specimen from Hinton Moor in the late Mr Edw. Forster's collection, gathered about 1800, Bab.1860,231. Hinton moor, n.c., n.d., BM. [?Relhan's writing–no mention of Hb Ed Foster.] Hinton Moor, Charles Abbott, [c.1800], Flora Selecta, 1:5, LTN. Cambridge, Revd. Mr Relhan, n.d., 'sent me by my friend Mr Sole of Bath.' Hb. Bishop Goodenough, K. Moors near Cambridge, Ex Hb Withering, n.d., BM. Moors near Cambridge, Hb J Dickson, n.d., BM. Moors near Cambridge, Dickson's Hort.Sicc.Britan.IX. n.d., Hb. CC Babington, CGE. In several moors at Cambridge; Hinton moor, about the year 1800;... Syme,(1869) Eng.Bot. ed.3.IX:133-4. Hinton. Relhan,1802. [not in 1820] The last spec. found on Cherry Hinton Moor, taken up by the roots. Probably dropped by some botanists. The middle spec. gathered on Ch. Hinton, Aug. 1806, Rev. GR Leathes, IPS. Hinton Moor! ...Relhan, 1820. Bennett,1902.[error, see above] 55 TEVERSHAM MOOR ... and Teversham moors but more rarely. Ray,1660,105-106(88). In the watery places ... and Feversham [sic] moors, but rarely. Merrett,1667,86. ... and Teversham Moors. Ray,1670:225. ... and Teversham-Moors, near Cambridge. Ray,1690,173; Ray,1696,240; 1724,382. Tethe Moor. Martyn,1763,Herbat.VIII. ... and Teversham Moor in 1723; Syme,(1869) Eng.Bot. ed.3.IX:133-4. [? error for 1763] T(eversham) M(oor) Fisher ann. Berkenhout,251. Ophrys lilifolia Lily-leaved Ophrys.Teversham. Relhan,1785. Ophrys loeselii 'This was lost for many Years... Teversham Moors, but found again by Mr Relhan June 30 1787.' Lightfoot, ann.Ray Syn.382, OXF. On ...Teversham... Moors, Relhan, n.d., BM. Loesel's Ophrys. Teversham, ... Moors. Relhan,1788. ... Prof. Martyn found it on Teversham Moor in 1793 [?error for 1763]; Newbould. Bab.1860,231. Teversham,... Moors. Relhan,1802;1820. Teversham Moor,...Relhan, 1820. Bennett,1902. FULBOURN MOOR Ophrys loeselii 'This was lost for many Years on ...Fulbourn ...Moors, but found again by Mr Relhan June 30 1787.' Lightfoot, ann.Ray Syn.382, OXF. On ...Fulbourne Moors, Relhan, n.d., BM. ...Fulbourn Moors. Relhan,1788. Loesel's, or Dwarf Ophrys....Fulbourn,... Moors. Relhan,1820. Fulbourn Moor! Relhan, 1820. Bennett,1902. 56 BOTTISHAM FEN While botanizing in Bottisham Fen today in company with Professor Henslow, we made a discovery of another of the Orchideae new to this district– this was nothing less than the Malaxis Loeselii (Ophrys Loeselii Linn.) a plant which I have long coveted, & moreover suspected might be found in that place if diligently sought for at the proper time of year, which till now I never had an opportunity of doing. The event has reallized [sic] my expectations. It was not however in any abundance, as our most indefatigable researches could not procure more than five specimens. The first that occurred, we stumbled on quite accidentally, when we were neither looking for the plant or even thinking of it; this was growing quite at the edge of the Fen near the entrance on to it from Anglesea Abbey. On our discovery of the first, we immediately branched off in different directions to hunt for more, but though we examined a vast tract of surrounding fen it was some hours before we found another, & even then not till we had returned to the same spot where we found the first, near to which the other four were procured at considerable intervals of time. These specimens were all found growing on the edges of the turf pits, & always where the ground was much covered with long grass, Schoeni, & other rushes, a station in which the plant seems much to delight; though at the same time it is a circumstance which renders its detection the more difficult. It was full late in the season for them, as three out of the five were almost out of flower, while the remaining two had somewhat passed perfection,- so that the end of June is undoubtedly the properest time for searching for them. One of those we found had two dead stems attached to its roots, thereby clearly shewing that this was the third year of its flowering in that spot; and what is very remarkable these three stems did not proceed from the same plain, but rose gradually one above another, (the highest being that of the present year) in a manner that seemed to indicate an annual increase of hight [sic] in the surface of the moor, by which circumstance the plant was necessitated to throw out the bulb which is to supply the flowering stem of the ensueing season, in a layer of soil immediately above that in which itself grew. By this means the two decayed & the one living bulb, sprung from three distinct strata one above the other; in my opinion a clear proof of what I have occasionally been led to suspect from other facts,- viz. that our fens are yearly increasing in depth, & even at the present day receiving continual additions from that annual decay of vegetable matter which takes place upon its surface. The greater interest is attached to our discovery of the Ophrys Loeselii in Bottisham Fen, from the circumstance of all those Habitats which Relhan assigns to this rare plant, and in which himself had found it, being now totally destroyed by drainage and cultivation. Jenyns,JNH,4.7.1825. Bottisham-fen, JS Henslow, 4.7.1825, CGE. Ophry loe Bottisham fen. Henslow ann. 2:363. Bottisham Fen, by Prof. Henslow; Syme,(1869) Eng.Bot. ed.3.IX:133-4. In the fen [Bottisham] I looked for Ophrys Loeselii but did not notice it. It is however, as yet full early for that. Jenyns,JNH,14.6.1826. Went into Bottisham fen to look for Ophrys Loeselii, but could not find a single specimen though I searched diligently exactly where we discovered it about this time last year. Jenyns,JNH,28.6.1826. Made an excursion into Bottisham fen:- chiefly with the view of searching for Ophrys Loeselii, but had no success in that respect as I did not find a single specimen. Jenyns,JNH,26.6.1827. ...in search of Liparis Loeselii, which plant is likely to be very soon exterminated in this country, by the progress of drainage.... to Bottisham Fen, where the plant was said to have been recently found, but there is so little real fenny ground remaining, that it must be nearly, if not quite extinct; and though our party consisting of four, dispersed ourselves over the peaty moor, we were unable, after several hours' careful search to discover any trace of it. [follows list of plants found]. Gibson,1848,309. Bottisham Fen; H. Bab.1860,231. ---------------------------- BURWELL FEN Burrell Fen, [sic] Henslow, 1833! [?error for 1835] Bennett,1902. Burell Fen, Power, 1835, Bennett,1902. 'Very plentiful at Burwell Fen in 1825. Bab, Mem. 43'; Evans,1939,152. [error for 1835] Reche Fen, CC Babington, 1815, sic, [1835?] K. Burwell Fen, near Newmarket, Hb C Conway, c.1830, [? 1835] NMW. Liparis Loeselii sent by Rev. Dr. Jermyn, Swaffham Prior, Illustr. Curtis Brit. Ent. 1825-40. Malaxis loeselii Burwell Fen, Mr Power, 1.6.1835, SWN. Gamlingay, [error for Burwell] n.c., Hb.JA Power, n.d., [old label- coll. unknown] RTE. [Bennett has a long statement about Power's Gamlingay record, which he thought must be correct. Bennett,1902. But see also Britten above.] Moors near Cambridge, CC Babington, n.d., CGE. One, [?] near Newmarket, Rev R Relhan, n.d., K. n.l., Rev J. Dalton, Relhan [added in ink], n.d., YRK:1153. Burwell Fen, Rev J Brown, 10.6.1835, NWH. Plants in Burwell fen, June 11 1835... Malaxis loeselii in great abundance amongst the turf pits. 500 specimens were brought home. some of which were sent to Messrs Borrer. Curtis. Christy. Bevan. The Bot. Garden at Bury. Mrs Casborne. Mr L Jenyns &c.Swaffham Prior Natural History Society Minute Book, p.6. ADD.6460,CUL. Burwell fen, Hb JA Power, 11.6.1835, RTE. 1. Wm Borrer from Dr German. 2. Christy from Dr German. [Jermyn] Hb Ed Foster, BM. Bottisham Fen. ' exh. by Christy at Linn. Soc. 1835', JD Salmon, Diary, NWH. On Burwell Fen, Dr German, [Jermyn] Hb Ed Foster, BM. Burwell Fen, Prof. Henslow, 1835, Hb S Hailstone, [printed label] YRK:1153; HJW Cat. Burwell Fen, L.J., 15.6.1835 (2 specimens), BATHG. Reche Fen (since drained and the plant killed), CC Babington, 15.6.1835, BM. Burwell Fen, nc., Hb Winch, 6.1835, BM. Burwell Fen, Dr Jermyn, 17.6.1835, Hb CM Lemann, CGE. June 18– Mr Jo. A. Power Mr Broom papa Hugh Tenny and me went to the Reach Chalk pits... then we went into a beer shop and took 2 gallons of beer into Burwell fen in a boat with Jem Petch to punt us along and papa fell into a ditch up to his neck and Tenny fell out of the boat into the water Hugh also fell into a ditch we had but not in consequense of the beer by no means the worthy patron Mr Power also got bogged which was great fun. we had very good sport both in plants and insects; Ophris loiselii was found in great plenty between 4 and 500 specimens were brought home it was growing in the grass and moss among the pits where they cut turf there were 2 bulbils to each plant and the bulbils were scarcely in the ground at all so that we picked them out easily with our fingers we saw a great many Machaons and only caught 2 or 3 of the best we got home about 5 oclock Swaffham Prior Natural History Society Minute Book, p.68. ADD.6460. Manuscript Room, CUL. ... June 18. [1835] Mr JA Power, Mr Broom, papa, Hugh, Tenny, and me went to the Beach [sic] Chalk Pits...Then we went into Burwell Fen in a boat, with Jem Petch to punt us along, and papa fell into a ditch up to his neck, and Tenny fell out of the boat into the water. The worthy patron, Mr Power also got bogged, which was great fun. We had very good sport both in plants and insects. Ophrys Loeselii was found in great plenty. Between four hundred and five hundred specimens were brought home. It was growing in the grass and moss among the pits where they cut turf. There were two bulbs to each plant, and the bulbs were scarcely in the ground at all, so that we picked them out easily with our fingers. We saw a great many Macaons, and only caught two or three of the best. We got home about 5 o'clock.' [account written by RF Jermyn, aged about 10, son of Rev. Dr Jermyn of Swaffham Prior and godson of CC Babington.] Jermyn,1900–1. '...Mr W. Borrer, who had been incredulous of the existence of Ophrys Loeselii in the neighbourhood of Swaffham Prior, was so delighted at seeing a large patch of it that he threw himself down and kissed it.' Jermyn,1900–1. Power told me that the number of Sturmia Loeselii in Burwell Fen was enormous. 24.6.1835. Bab.Mem.40. Burwell Fen, JS Henslow, 7.1835, and drawing and note on pollen release, 'com. Mr Borrer', n.d., CGE. Malaxis paludosa [error] From Edinb. Bot.Soc. comm. by Professor Henslow coll. July 1835 from Burwell Fen Camb. SH Cat. added in c.1845. Sturmia loeselii Burwell fen, Cambs, EBS, [Edin.Bot.Soc.], n.d.,SWN. Sturmia loeselii Cambridgeshire, G Luxford, n.d., SWN. Cambridge, nc, Hb FJ Hanbury, 7.1835, BM. Cambridgeshire, JS Henslow, 7.1835, (EBS), BM. Burwell, LC Rich, 7.1835, det. PD Sell 1952, CGE. [not found 27.3.1996] Burwell Fen, JS Henslow, 7.1835, BM. CGE. NWH. K. Burwell Fen, probably Mr Borrer, n.d., K. Burwell Fen, JS Henslow, (2 specimens), 7.1835, K. SWN. LTR. Burwell fen, Professor Henslow, 7.1835, ex Loughborough Public Library, [1 specimen], annot. 'Herb Cantab has this gathering with a Henslow label.' This is not Henslow's writing. annot. Max Walters, LTR. Burwell, n.c., 7.1835, CGE. Cambridge, n.c., Hb FJ Hanbury, 7.1835, BM. [not found] Burwell, Mr Prentice, & in Hb HC Watson, 6.6.1836, K. Burwell Fen, JA Power, 11.6.1836, BM. Burwell fen, Hb JA Power, 11.6.1836, RTE. We went to Swaffham with Henslow to go into the fens below Reche. Found Liparis Loeselii in plenty,... 15.6.1836, Bab.Mem.49. Reche Fens, CC Babington, 15.6.1836, CGE. Cambridgeshire, CC Babington, 15.6.1836, CGE. In Burwell Fen near Reche, CC Babington, 15.6.1836, [10 plants on sheet], CGE. Reche Fen (since drained and the plant killed), CC Babington, 15.6.1836, BM. Reche Fen, CC Babington, 1836, K. Burwell Fen, near Reche, in 1836, by Dr JA Power; Syme,(1869) Eng.Bot. ed.3.IX:133-4. Swaffham Fen, Dr Jermyn, 17.6.1836, BM. Cambridgeshire, Dr Jermyn n.d., K. Burwell Fen, JS Henslow, 7.1836, Ex Herb SH Bickham, CGE. K. Burwell Fen, JS Henslow & DE Bowman, 7.1836, K. Burwell Fen, ex herb. Greville, n.d., presented by AJ Crosfield, 1931, CGE. Burwell Fen, JS Henslow, 7.1836, (EBS), ex Herb SH Bickham, CGE. K (2 specs). BON. BM. Burwell Fen, ex Hb Wm Peete, n.d., ex Herb SH Bickham, CGE. Burwell Fen, Van Rensselaer, 7.1836, (EBS), BM. Burwell Fen, JS Henslow, 7.1836, K. BON. Burwell Fen, ex HB J Spode, comm. HP Reader,1898, Hb AP Jackson, annot. 'March Fen Cambs mis-read from the little label; Burwell Fen. Probably sent by Dr Lloyd to Mrs Eliz Reynolds in the thirties'. Reader in litt to Jackson, attached to spec. BM. Burwell Fen, Hb Bromfield, n.d., K. Burwell Fen, E Potts, 18--, LIV. Burwell Fen, not far from Reche in 1835 and 1836, for the last time. Bab.1860,231. Burwell Fen, n.c., Hb FJ Hanbury, n.d., BM. [not found] Burwell Fen, CA Stevens, HTB Halter, n.d., (LBS), BM. Burwell Fen, CA Stevens, 1839, (LBS), BM. Burwell Fen, CC Babington, 1840, presented by CC Babington 1844, Ex Hb SH Bickham, CGE. Cambridgeshire CC Babington, 1842, BM. Burwell Fen, CC Babington, 1844, Ex Herb SH Bickham, CGE. ...to Burwell Fen, where Liparis formerly grew plentifully. This fen, too, has been drained within a few years, and to such purpose, that we were informed the land which was formerly worth only five pounds per acre, would now sell for thirty. There is a fen beyond still undrained, where the plant may possibly grow, but it was too full of Arundo Phragmites and Cladium Mariscus, to admit of much examination. [follows list of plants found] Gibson,1848,309-10. Near Reach it may possibly still exist, judging from the conditions of some parts of that district. Evans,1911,215. 57 Wicken Fen [sic] Power, 1836, Bennett,1902. [see Burwell Fen] Found in Wicken Fen in 1862 (2 specs) by Mr HE Fox of Trinity College. Bab.ann. Wicken Fen, HE Fox & WF Eaton. Wicken Fen, Eaton & Fox, 1862, Bennett,1902. '...I believe two or three plants were found at Wicken as lately as 1863.' Syme, (1869)Eng.Bot. Ed.3, IX:133-4. Wicken Fen, in road-way leading towards Wicken, WP Hiern, 2.7.1867, BM. Wicken Fen (1867) Hiern. Bab.MS.Fl.731. 'To the right of the road from Wicken into the Fen.' WP Hiern. Wicken Fen, A Wilton, 1880, Bennett,1902. Wicken Fen, CT Green, 5.1885, LIV. Was seen in two localities in Dist. 5 in 1896; in one I saw fine fruiting specimens. West,1898,256. [see also Chippenham] Three specimens in Wicken Fen, 1896, IH Burkill. As noted by Mr West, plentiful in this district over a fair extent of ground. Bennett,1899,246. Wicken Fen, TH Burkill, [sic], 1896, Bennett,1902. Not far from Upware, IH Burkill, 8.1896, K. Wicken Fen, scarce, Burkill, 1896, A.H[osking] ann.Bab. Wicken Fen, FJ Hanbury, 6.1897, BM. Wicken Fen, Rev. HH Slater, 1901, Hb Bennett, Bennett,1902. Wicken Fen, Hb ED Bostock, 8.6.1905, LTR; [whole plant v. small, 5cm]. Wicken Fen, Mr FC Greatorex, Hb T Hilton, 6.1906, BM. Wicken Fen, CE Moss, 17.6.1910, CGE. Found on Wicken Poors Fen by A S.[hrubbs] July 1910, the first record of this plant at Wicken for 80 years. Shrubbs ann. Wicken Fen, RHG, 1910, ann.Fl.Bab. Wicken Poors Fen, shown him by EC M[arshall]- & painted for Rothschild's set of orchids. EJ Bedford, 1.6.1912, BM. Wicken Fen, EJ Salisbury, 8.1912, K. Wicken Fen, TJ Foggitt, 24.7.1913, BM. Wicken Fen–Sketch plan: ND Simpson, 24.7.1913. Simpson MS, Botany Library, BM. Sketch plan: ND Simpson, 24.7.1913. Sketch copied onto Wicken Flora Card index, by SM Walters. 'This locality is obviously different from the 'locus classicus' [? SW corner] on the Poor's Fen in the 1930's.' SM Walters, 1955. [The locality shown–near a prominent birch tree, could be on the east corner of Poor's Fen–see SM Walters, 1951 Locality C, below.] This is likely in view of Evans' statement below that it never grew on Sedge Fen.] Wicken Fen, RB Ullman, 8.6.1914, BM. ...U[tricularia]. minor is only found on one spot, and there Liparis also grows. Robert Gurney Diary, visit to Wicken Fen with Evans, 13.6.1923. [Wicken].'hardly a dozen plants of it remain'. Evans,1923,44. Wicken List, [1923]. 'a specimen or two may yet be discovered, but not one has been seen for several years' Evans,1925,91. ...Liparis [also Rhamnus, Frangula & Calamagostis canescens] are not, properly speaking, peat fen species.... but the fact that these plants never spread beyond the swampy fen into the marshes beyond, and Liparis not even across Wicken Lode into the Sedge Fen proper, certainly calls for some explanation. Evans,1939,21. Liparis loeselii It is a native of light soils and its presence at Wicken is due to the fact that the sands reaching from Chippenham and Fordham actually touch the fen at the only part where the Orchis is found viz. the south east corner.... Babington in 1860 made the extraordinary statement that Liparis was probably extirpated in Cambridgeshire by 1836; but no doubt he knew better later in life. Yet it appears to have been lost sight of at Wicken, as far as the Botany School is concerned, till ND Simpson refound it in 1908. Although non-resident entomologists, botanists & ornithologists certainly knew exactly where it grew during this period, e.g. Bennett, Fryer, Nevinson & HH Slater ... footnote on the interchange of labels for Gamlingay (Liparis) and Wicken (Hammarbya) in Rev. J Power of Peterhouse's collection at RTE. ... Nowadays the incursions of collectors have reduced the stock to the minimum at Wicken; ' Evans 1939,152 -3. [Evans left Cambridge in 1929]. Wicken Poors Fen, TG Tutin, 17.6.1931, BM. Abundant! in a fen adj. to Wicken Fen; and two photos, JE Lousley, 22.6.1935, RDG. In quantity in bud and plants with fruit from previous season, St Edmunds Fen, JE Lousley, 22.6.1935, CNHS. Wicken Fen, CT Green, 8.8.1936, LIV. St Edmunds Fen, TG Tutin. 1939. Poors Fen Wicken, CE Raven, 1945. The Treasurer expressed anxiety about the Liparis on Poor's Fen. The Sec. promised to discuss the matter with W Barnes & to try to arrange for the sedge in certain areas to be cut, so as to give the plant a better chance. CE Raven. 5.6.1945: Executive Committee Minutes, p.42: ... everything possible should be done to establish Liparis firmly on the Trust properties.... WH Mills. 5.6.1945: Executive Committee Minutes, p.93: Liparis seen on the fen in 1947. [?by Barnes] see below. [Mr Walters presented a report on the present state of V. stagnina and Liparis. He said that Liparis had not been seen for the last 2 years & he did not recommend that any immediate action should be taken. WH Mills. 14.3.1950: Executive Committee Minutes, p.97. A Small irregular depressions in N corner of Poor's Fen, Schoenus, Pedicularis palustris, no Cladium in immediate vicinity... C. Depressions in W corner of Poor's Fen. Carex lasiocarpa, Pedicularis, no Cladium in immediate vicinity.... 22.7.1951: In & around A (i.e. region behind a Salix cinerea bush on edge of Poor's Fen c.30-40 m. from N corner along towpath) searched with Henry Barnes for Liparis. Certain amount of suitable ground (moss covered with thin or no Cladium; some Pedicularis); but rather dry (however, dry conditions a very recent phenomenon due to recent lowering of Wicken Lode level because up to June exceptionally wet). No success. 21.7.1951: 'Localities on 25" map'. SM Walters. MS. Note.] 66 I am indeed very much pleased to learn that you have re-found Sturmia loeselii, and in such abundance as to render its extirpation improbable. I did not know that there was any fen of the right sort near Chippenham. It is a district but little examined, that is, on the fen side. 15.9.1883. In litt. to A. Fryer Bab.Mem.399. Chippenham Fen, A Fryer, 8.1883, CGE. [Chippenham] Dist. 5. on moorish boggy soil, growing amongst reeds. Over 100 plants seen. A Fryer, 8.9.1883, BM. Chippenham Fen Abundant. 8.9.1883, AF.ann. Chippenham, 1883. MS. note in Syme,(1869) Eng.Bot. ed.3.IX:133-4. CUB. Chippenham, HG Glasspoole, 26.7.1884, NWH. Chippenham Moor, Arth. Bennett & A Fryer, 26.7.1884, BM. Chippenham Moor near Fordham, A Bennett & A Fryer, 26.7.1884, [notes on habitat: Watson Bot.Exch.Club Rept. 1916-17 pp 33,34 by A Bennett]. Chippenham Moor, A Fryer & A Bennett, July 1884, in abundance in fruit. Bennett,1902. Cambridgeshire, Burwell District, A Fryer, 7.1884, BM. Burwell Fen, A Fryer, 7.1884, LIV. NWH. Burwell District 5, Cambridgeshire, A Fryer, 7.1884, BM. Chippenham, A Fryer, n.d., BM. Chippenham, Camb. coll. A Fryer, n.d., BEC, Hb GC Druce, Hb ES Marshall, CGE. Chippenham, ex Hb JE Little, n.d., BEC, Hb GC Druce, CGE. Snailwell Fen, 1884, AF.ann. A moor in East Cambs, A Fryer, 29.6.1885, BM. Chippenham Fen, R I Lynch, 25.9.1885, CUBG 139/85. Chippenham Fen, NE Brown, 15.6.1886, K. Chippenham Fen, H Goss, 6.1886, BM. Burwell Fen, n.c., 7.1886, BM. [not found–date or loc. in error?] 'and we know Newbould gathered it at Chippenham Fen (=Fordham Fen) [sic] by 1888. Here it was extremely plentiful in 1880. Nowadays the incursions of collectors have reduced the stock to the minimum at Wicken; and perhaps the same may be said of Chippenham;...' Evans,1939,152 -3. Chippenham Moor, G Goode, 27.6.1889, [3 magnificent plants, the largest 26.5 cm & with 15 fls! Source of this record lost.] Chippenham Fen, nr Newmarket, A Shrubbs, 1889, CGE. Chippenham, A Shrubbs, 7.1890, CGE. Chippenham Fen, 1894, A Hosking, ann.Bab.,315 [added to list of] 'Probably lost plants.' Chippenham Fen, 1894 (about 5 plants); 1896 (about 6 plants + (comm S Wood) about 11 plants. Shrubbs ann. Chippenham Fen, A Hosking, 1895, AH ann.Bab. ...was seen in two localities in Distr. 5. in 1896; in one I saw fine fruiting specimens. W West Jun.,1898,256. Chippenham Fen, FJ Hanbury, 22.6.1896, BM. [not found] It was seen in [Chippenham Moor & Fordham Fen]... by Mr W West Jun. in 1896. Bennett,1902. Chippenham Fen, R I Lynch, 18.6.1897, CUBG 137/97. Chippenham Fen, A Fryer, 18.6.1897, ex Hb GC Druce, (BEC), K. Chippenham Fen, GC Druce, n.d., CGE. [?not found] Chippenham Fen, 1901, A Hosking, AH ann.Bab.,315 'Probably lost plants.' Chippenham Fen, RI Lynch, 20.9.1904, CUBG 192/04. Chippenham Fen, 15.6.1906, NE Brown, K. ...Having seen it by hundreds at...Chippenham...Its occurrence or disappearance could well be watched at Chippenham, but the owner dislikes the ground gone over, and especially dislikes the incursions of Entomologists, though it is one of the richest places in E. Anglia. Bennett, (1906)TNNNS 8:340-342. Chippenham Fen, 1 in fl. & about 12 plants, 1910. AHE[vans], CEM.ann. Chippenham Fen, fide CE Moss; JE Little Diaries, 24.9.1912, II:288, HTN. Chippenham, Rev. CC Mountford, n.d., LTR. Chippenham, C Mountford, 1928, Hb TG Tutin, label in Tutin's handwriting It is on fen soil at Chippenham, but very few yards from the sandy ground. Evans,1939,152. 67 Fordham Fen, [sic] A. Fryer, sp. 8.9.1883. Bennett,1902. 'and we know Newbould gathered it at Chippenham Fen (=Fordham Fen) by 1888. Here it was extremely plentiful in 1880. Nowadays the incursions of collectors have reduced the stock to the minimum at Wicken; and perhaps the same may be said of Chippenham;...' Evans ,1939,152 -3. ...seen in two localities in Distr. 5. in 1896; in one I saw fine fruiting specimens. W West Jun.,1898,256. It was seen in [Chippenham Moor & Fordham Fen]..by Mr W West Jun. in 1896. Bennett,1902.
